From 5c086bc52fa3a226bcf706b1f420a5d98ea377dd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Patrick Spek <p.spek@tyil.nl>
Date: Wed, 15 Dec 2021 10:45:58 +0100
Subject: Redo most of the blog in Hugo

Missing posts will have to be added later
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----
-title: "FreeBSD email server - Part 5: Filtering mail"
-date: 2016-10-31 20:02:19
-tags: Tutorial FreeBSD Email Postfix SpamAssassin Pigeonhole
-layout: post
----
-
-Being able to send mail and not be flagged as spam is pretty awesome on itself.
-But you also get hit by a lot of spam. The more you give out your email address
-and domain name, the more spam you will receive over time. I welcome you to
-another part of the FreeBSD email server series. In this part, we will set up
-email filtering at the server side.
-
-We will accomplish this with a couple packages, [SpamAssassin][spamassassin]
-and [Pigeonhole][pigeonhole]. The former deals with scanning the emails to
-deduce whether it is spam or not. The latter filters messages. We will use this
-filtering to drop emails marked as spam by SpamAssassin into the Junk folder,
-instead of the inbox.
-
-## Installing the packages
-Both packages are available through FreeBSD's `pkg` utility. Install them as
-such.
-
-{% highlight sh %}
-pkg install dovecot-pigeonhole spamassassin
-{% endhighlight %}
-
-## SpamAssassin
-### Enabling the service
-Like most services, you have to enable them as well. Pigeonhole is an extension
-to Dovecot, and Dovecot will handle this one. SpamAssassin requires you to
-configure the service as well. You can enable it and set sane configuration to
-it with the following two commands.
-
-{% highlight sh %}
-echo 'spamd_enable="YES"' >> /etc/rc.conf.local
-echo 'spamd_flags="-u spamd -H /srv/mail"' >> /etc/rc.conf.local
-{% endhighlight %}
-
-### Acquiring default spam rules
-SpamAssassin has to "learn" what counts as *spam* and what counts as *ham*. To
-fetch these rules, you should execute the updates for SpamAssassin with the
-following command.
-
-{% highlight sh %}
-sa-update
-{% endhighlight %}
-
-You most likely want to run this once every while, so it is advised to setup a
-cronjob for this purpose.
-
-## Postfix
-In order to have mails checked by SpamAssassin, Postfix must be instructed to
-pass all email through to SpamAssassin, which will hand them back with a
-`X-Spam-Flag` header attached to them. This header can be used by other
-applications to treat it as spam.
-
-### master.cf
-There's not much to include to the already existing Postfix configuration to
-enable SpamAssassin to do its job. Just open `/usr/local/etc/postfix/master.cf`
-and append the block given below.
-
-{% highlight ini %}
-spamassassin  unix  -       n       n       -       -       pipe
-  user=spamd argv=/usr/local/bin/spamc
-  -f -e /usr/sbin/sendmail -oi -f ${sender} ${recipient}
-{% endhighlight %}
-
-## Pigeonhole
-Pigeonhole is an implementation of Sieve for Dovecot. It deals with filtering
-messages on the server side using a set of rules, defined in a file usually
-named `sieve`. This file is generally saved at
-`/srv/mail/domain.tld/user/sieve`. A default file to filter spam out is the
-following example.
-
-```
-require [
-    "fileinto",
-    "mailbox"
-];
-
-if header :contains "X-Spam-Flag" "YES" {
-    fileinto :create "Junk";
-    stop;
-}
-```
-
-This looks for the `X-Spam-Flag` header, which is added by SpamAssassin. If it
-is set to `YES`, this indicates SpamAssassin thinks the message is spam. As
-such, sieve is instructed to filter this message into the folder `Junk`, and to
-create this folder if it does not exist yet. The `stop;` makes sieve stop
-trying to process this message further based on later rules.
-
-## Dovecot
-Dovecot needs some additional configuration to work with Pigeonhole. Modify the
-following files and add the contents described.
-
-### conf.d/20-lmtp.conf
-This will enable Pigeonhole in Dovecot.
-
-{% highlight ini %}
-protocol lmtp {
-  mail_plugins = $mail_plugins sieve
-}
-{% endhighlight %}
-
-### conf.d/90-plugin.conf
-This configures Pigeonhole to look for a file named `sieve` in the mailbox
-homedir, and execute that when delivering mail.
-
-{% highlight ini %}
-plugin {
-  sieve = /srv/mail/%d/%n/sieve
-}
-{% endhighlight %}
-
-## Conclusion
-Spam is a pain, especially if you get a lot of it. The configuration added in
-this part of the FreeBSD email server series should get rid of most of it. This
-also concludes the series. If you have any questions or suggestions, please
-contact me via any of the methods detailed on [my home page][home].
-
-Thanks for reading along, and enjoy your very own email server!
-
-[home]: {{ "/" | prepend: site.baseurl }}
-[pigeonhole]: http://pigeonhole.dovecot.org/
-[spamassassin]: https://spamassassin.apache.org/
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